Singapore is on track to achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2050, a critical milestone in the fight against climate change. As a small, low-lying city-state, Singapore is particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change, including intense rainfall, dry spells, higher temperatures, and rising sea levels. The government has laid out a comprehensive plan to balance carbon emissions by removing as much carbon from the atmosphere as is produced, ensuring a sustainable future for the nation.
## Background
Singapore’s commitment to net-zero emissions by 2050 is part of a broader global effort to mitigate climate change. The concept of net-zero emissions involves balancing the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere with an equivalent amount removed or offset. This approach is akin to maintaining a balanced bank account, where every withdrawal of carbon dioxide is matched by a deposit. The goal is to keep the environment healthy and sustainable by ensuring that the overall carbon levels do not increase.
## Going clean
The power sector is a significant contributor to Singapore’s overall emissions. To address this, the country is increasingly turning to renewable energy sources, particularly solar power. The number of grid-connected solar installations has surged from 3,831 in 2019 to 8,524 in 2023. In 2025, Singapore will begin constructing its largest solar farm at Kranji Reservoir. Additionally, the nation is exploring the use of hydrogen to replace fossil fuels in both domestic and industrial sectors. On an individual level, residents can contribute by adopting simple practices like taking showers without using water heaters or air-drying clothes.
## The trade-offs
Transitioning to a net-zero future comes with its own set of challenges, particularly financial ones. The shift towards sustainable energy sources, coupled with geopolitical tensions such as the Russia-Ukraine conflict, has led to higher electricity bills. The demand for electricity continues to grow, and the transition to cleaner but more expensive energy sources means that electricity prices are expected to rise in the coming years. However, this cost is seen as a necessary investment for a cleaner environment. For instance, the cost of installing solar panels has decreased over the years as the technology has become more widespread, making it a more viable option for clean energy.
## Future implications
While the journey towards net-zero emissions is fraught with challenges, Singapore is making steady progress. The government’s commitment to advancing clean energy technologies and reducing carbon emissions sets a strong example for other nations. As the technology for renewable energy becomes more affordable and accessible, the costs associated with sustainable energy are expected to decrease further. This ongoing effort not only aims to protect Singapore from the adverse effects of climate change but also contributes to global efforts to limit the rise in global temperatures to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels, as outlined in the Paris Agreement.
